Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pads Raw Material Composition and Properties

Sanitary pads are essential hygiene products used by millions of women worldwide. Understanding the raw materials used in their production and their properties is crucial for ensuring comfort, safety, and effectiveness. This article delves into the composition and properties of the raw materials commonly used in sanitary pads.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

The primary components of sanitary pads include the top sheet, absorbent core, back sheet, and adhesive. Each of these components is made from specific raw materials that contribute to the overall functionality of the pad.

### Top Sheet

The top sheet is the layer that comes into direct contact with the skin. It is typically made from non-woven fabrics or perforated films. These materials are chosen for their softness, breathability, and ability to quickly wick moisture away from the skin.

– **Non-woven fabrics**: These are made from synthetic fibers like polypropylene or polyester. They are lightweight, soft, and allow air to circulate, reducing the risk of irritation.
– **Perforated films**: These are thin plastic films with tiny holes that allow liquid to pass through while keeping the surface dry.

### Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the heart of the sanitary pad, responsible for absorbing and retaining menstrual fluid. It is usually composed of a blend of fluff pulp and superabsorbent polymers (SAP).

– **Fluff pulp**: This is a highly absorbent material made from wood pulp. It provides bulk and helps distribute the liquid evenly throughout the pad.
– **Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)**: These are synthetic materials that can absorb and retain large amounts of liquid relative to their own mass. SAPs are crucial for preventing leakage and ensuring long-lasting protection.

### Back Sheet

The back sheet is the outermost layer of the sanitary pad, designed to prevent leakage and provide a barrier against external moisture. It is typically made from polyethylene or polypropylene films.

– **Polyethylene films**: These are flexible, waterproof, and provide an effective barrier against leaks.
– **Polypropylene films**: These are similar to polyethylene but offer additional strength and durability.

### Adhesive

Adhesive is used to secure the sanitary pad to the underwear. It is usually a pressure-sensitive adhesive that is safe for skin contact and provides a strong hold without leaving residue.

– **Pressure-sensitive adhesives**: These are designed to stick firmly to fabrics but can be easily removed without causing damage or leaving sticky residues.

## Properties of Raw Materials

The raw materials used in sanitary pads are selected based on several key properties:

– **Absorbency**: The ability to quickly absorb and retain liquid is crucial for preventing leaks and ensuring comfort.
– **Softness**: Materials that are soft and gentle on the skin help prevent irritation and discomfort.
– **Breathability**: Breathable materials allow air to circulate, reducing the risk of moisture buildup and associated discomfort.
– **Flexibility**: Flexible materials ensure that the pad conforms to the body’s shape, providing a secure and comfortable fit.
– **Safety**: All materials must be non-toxic, hypoallergenic, and safe for prolonged skin contact.

## Conclusion

The raw materials used in sanitary pads play a vital role in their performance and user comfort. From the soft, breathable top sheet to the highly absorbent core and leak-proof back sheet, each component is carefully selected to meet the needs of users. Understanding the composition and properties of these materials helps in appreciating the engineering and design that go into creating effective and comfortable sanitary pads.